Its wings are covered with dark spots, and when it opens them, flashes of vivid red appear underneath. It’s the kind of insect that might make you stop in the garden for a closer look.
But there’s a reason gardeners, farmers, and environmental officials pay close attention when this insect appears.
The spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula) is an invasive planthopper that feeds on plant sap. Large populations can put considerable stress on trees, vines, and other plants. It was first detected in the United States in Pennsylvania in 2014 and has since expanded its range.
So if you see one, don't panic—but don't simply assume it's a harmless garden visitor, either.
If spotted lanternflies are established or regulated in your area, reporting sightings and following local guidance can help slow their spread.
What Is a Spotted Lanternfly?
The spotted lanternfly is native to parts of Asia. It belongs to the planthopper group and uses piercing-sucking mouthparts to feed on plant sap.
Despite its name, the spotted lanternfly isn't actually a true fly. Its distinctive appearance comes from several different wing patterns that become especially noticeable when the insect moves or takes flight.
Adults are approximately 1 inch long, with grayish or tan forewings covered in black spots. When those wings are raised, the bright red hindwings create the dramatic flash of color that makes this insect so recognizable.
Why Are Spotted Lanternflies a Problem?
The biggest concern isn't necessarily a single insect.
It's large populations.
Spotted lanternflies feed on plant sap, and heavy infestations can weaken plants. They are particularly associated with plants such as grapes, fruit trees, hardwood trees, and other woody plants.
As they feed, they can also excrete a sugary substance known as honeydew.
And that's where another problem begins.
What Is Honeydew?
Honeydew is a sticky waste substance produced by several sap-feeding insects, including spotted lanternflies.
When large numbers of lanternflies feed on a plant, honeydew can accumulate on leaves, branches, outdoor furniture, vehicles, and other surfaces beneath infested trees.
The sticky coating can encourage the growth of sooty mold, a dark fungus that can cover leaves and surfaces.
You may notice a black, dusty-looking coating developing underneath heavily infested plants. That doesn't necessarily mean the mold itself is the original problem—it can be a sign that honeydew-producing insects have been feeding nearby.
How to Identify a Spotted Lanternfly
Knowing what you're looking at is important before taking action.
Adult Spotted Lanternfly
Adult lanternflies have:
